Apparatus and Method for Providing Weather and Other Alerts

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for providing location-specific alert information associated with an alert condition relevant to a geographical area may include a receiver adapted to receive transmissions comprising formatted text on a communication channel of a wireless bi-directional communication network; a peripheral device operable to indicate an alert condition, including displaying the formatted text; and a controller communicatively coupled to the receiver and the peripheral device. The controller is operable to monitor a communication channel of the network for the receipt of a transmission of location-specific alert information from a transmitter servicing a geographical area and to operate the peripheral device in response to the reception of the transmission of the location-specific alert information to display the formatted text. The location-specific alert information is broadcast within the geographical area by at least one transmitter of the wireless bi-directional communication network having communication channels and transmitters which are each positioned to provide communication services to specific geographical areas serviced by the communication network.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 10/449,284 filed on May 30, 2003, which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/016,307filed on Dec. 10, 2001, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/330,667 filed on Jun. 11, 1999 and issued asU.S. Pat. No. 6,329,904. This application also claims the benefit of thefiling date of U.S. Pat. No. 6,329,904.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates generally to the field of alert systems and, inits embodiments, to alert systems utilizing cellular, personalcommunication system, or wireless telecommunication technology todeliver an alert to an alert device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In recent decades, the science of meteorology has advanced rapidly,allowing increasingly accurate detection and prediction of severe andhazardous weather. Specifically, Doppler radar systems andhigh-resolution satellites have been developed which allow earlydetection of tornadoes and severe thunderstorms and accurate tracking oftheir paths. The National Weather Service (NWS) and NationalOceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) now routinely issuewarnings in advance of most severe or tornadic storms, alertingindividuals and saving lives. However, in order for these warnings, or“alerts” to be effective, they must be communicated to and received bytheir intended recipients.

Some local governments and municipalities utilize civil defense sirensystems to provide warnings to persons within the localized range of thesiren systems in case of severe weather, natural disaster, war or otheremergency conditions. However, weather-related warnings are morecommonly provided through the NOAA Weather Radio system, a nationwidenetwork of radio stations operating twenty-four (24) hours per day tobroadcast continuous weather information directly from the local officesof the National Weather Service. The NOAA Weather Radio system alsobroadcasts alerts for the Emergency Alert System (EAS), maintained bythe Federal Communication Commission, in order to provide emergencywarnings for all types of hazards, including, but not limited to,earthquakes, volcano eruptions, severe weather and nuclear war. The NOAAWeather Radio system has more than 450 transmitters, covering broadareas in each of the 50 states, adjacent coastal waters, Puerto Rico,the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the U.S. Pacific Territories.Unfortunately, reception of the Emergency Alert System warnings via theNOAA Weather Radio system generally requires a special radio receiver orscanner capable of picking up its emergency warning signals.

Tone-activated alert receivers are commonly used to monitor NOAA WeatherRadio broadcasts, to provide warning of severe weather and to provideemergency and civil defense alerts. A tone-activated alert receiverconstantly monitors the local NOAA Weather Radio broadcasts for aspecific 1050 Hz emergency alert tone. In response to receiving anemergency alert tone, a tone-activated alert receiver produces anaudible and/or visual alarm, and activates a radio tuned to the NOAAWeather Radio broadcast. Since each NOAA Weather Radio station transmitsits signals to a relatively large geographical area, oldertone-activated alert receivers suffer from the disadvantage of falselyresponding to alerts when the condition to which the emergency alertpertains is only relevant to other geographical areas in the broadcastarea of the particular NOAA Weather Radio station transmitting the alerttone.

Newer NOAA Weather Radio receivers, known as “SAME receivers”,incorporate a feature known as Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) todecrease the frequency of false alerts. A SAME receiver recognizes aspecific digital location code, in an emergency broadcast signal, whichdesignates a specific locality for which alerts are relevant. Onceprogrammed by a user to respond only to a specific digital location codefor the area of the user, a SAME receiver switches into alarm mode onlyupon receipt of an emergency broadcast signal, which includes a SAMEdigital location code matching the preprogrammed digital code.Accordingly, SAME receivers are generally deployed in a particular,fixed location such as an individual's home or office. While these SAMEreceivers are useful in their fixed locations, they are not particularlyuseful if moved from the location for which they have been programmed.Additionally, like many individuals who cannot program a videocassetterecorder (VCR), some individuals may find it difficult or inconvenientto program the SAME receiver.

As an alternative to SAME receivers, some persons are proposing thatcellular or Personal Communication System (PCS) wireless telephonenetworks be employed to deliver emergency alerts to individuals havingcellular or PCS wireless telephones because cellular and PCS telephonenetworks typically employ short-range, broadcast transceivers (ortransmitters) which have coverage areas, or cells, of a reasonably smallsize, thereby enabling the delivery of emergency alerts to persons inselected areas served by particular broadcast transmitters. As proposed,delivery of emergency alert messages to selected local areas would beachieved by activating only those cellular or PCS broadcast transceiversproviding coverage for the specific geographical area to which theemergency alert is relevant, instead of requiring the transmission,preprogramming, and recognition of a specific digital location codecorresponding to the geographical area for which the emergency alert isrelevant. However, until recently, wireless telephone networks have nothad the capability of transmitting alphanumeric messages that would berequired to effectively distribute emergency alert messages. Incontrast, conventional paging systems have the capability of supportingalphanumeric messaging, but have coverage areas far to large to providethe level of geographical specificity required to deliver locationspecific, emergency alert messages.

New cellular and PCS telephone networks are currently being deployed, orhave been deployed, throughout North America and Europe which arecapable of transmitting alphanumeric messages and which have coverageareas providing sufficient geographical specificity to make them idealvehicles for the delivery of location-specific, emergency alertmessages. Using the newer cellular and PCS networks, a network operatorcan send messages to a cellular or PCS telephone present in any singlecell or any group of cells serviced by the transceivers of the network.Accordingly, some persons have recently proposed that these cellular andPCS networks be used to transmit location-specific, emergency alertmessages to the cellular or PCS telephone handsets of individual usersby dialing the telephone number associated with each handset and, uponanswer by the cellular or PCS handset, delivering the emergency alertmessage to the handset.

While cellular or PCS telecommunications systems may be an effectivevehicle for conveying location-specific, emergency alert messages, suchsystems enable delivery of emergency alert messages to only thoseindividuals who can figure out how get such messages via their wirelesstelephones. Currently, to get such messages, individuals must find theirway through a myriad of icons (which many individuals cannot do) andthen review all of their messages in order to identify the emergencyalert messages from other messages. Further, the delivery of emergencyalert messages via cellular or PCS telecommunications systems requiresindividuals to have their handsets nearby and turned-on (and notdepleted of battery power). Unfortunately, individuals often turn-offtheir handsets, forget to recharge them, or leave their handsets, forinstance, in the car while they are at home or work. As a result, asystem that relies upon cellular or PCS handset receivers to receiveemergency alert messages may fail to notify a large number ofindividuals of the existence of an emergency condition.

Other similar difficulties are inherent in the delivery of informationor messages that relate to military or other operations (i.e., adifferent type of “alert”). For instance, if a branch of the militaryneeds to inform its reservists to report for duty on Sunday instead ofSaturday as the reservists were originally notified, it typicallycontacts each reservist individually by telephone to provide thereservist with such information, thereby requiring a substantial use oflabor to perform such a task.

Therefore, there is a need in the industry for an apparatus and methodwhereby individuals may reliably receive cellular or PCS transmissionsof location-specific alert information without requiring the use of acellular or PCS telephone handset. Furthermore, there is a need for anapparatus and method whereby individuals may reliably receive cellularor PCS transmissions of location-specific alert information withoutrequiring individuals to perform complex retrieval steps or inconvenientreceiver programming steps.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Briefly described, the present invention comprises an alert apparatusand method for receiving a location-specific alert (i.e., an alertdirected and relevant to a particular geographical area) and forinforming a user, who may be visually or hearing impaired, of theexistence and severity of the alert. More particularly, the presentinvention includes an alert apparatus and method which allow a user toreceive data corresponding to an alert which has been broadcast viaparticular transmitters operating within a cellular, PCS, or wirelesstelephone communications network, thereby allowing receipt of alocation-specific alert (and a textual message associated with thealert) without requiring the user to input, to the alert apparatus, datarepresentative of or identifying the location of the apparatus. Further,the present invention includes an alert apparatus and method whichproduces high-decibel level audible sounds and high-intensity flashingstrobe light corresponding to alerts of the most severe level and whichproduces low-decibel level audible sounds and low-intensity flashinglight from a light-emitting diode corresponding to alerts of a lesssevere level.

In accordance with an embodiment, the apparatus of the present inventioncomprises an alert device having a microcomputer that directs operationof the alert device according to the instructions of a computer softwareprogram stored therein. The alert device also includes a receiver thatreceives digital PCS transmissions broadcast over a PCS or cellulartelecommunication network. The microcomputer has a central processingunit and a monitoring circuit communicatively connected to the centralprocessing unit and receiver. The monitoring circuit is capable ofsetting the receiver to receive transmissions, if any, on radio channelsidentified by the central processing unit, of determining the signalstrength associated with transmissions received on such radio channels,of identifying the presence of a digital control channel on a radiochannel, and of communicating signal strength information, digitalcontrol channel information, and broadcast short messages, received bythe receiver, to the central processing unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the alert devicefurther comprises a plurality of peripheral devices and themicrocomputer further comprises a peripheral device controller whichconnects to the plurality of peripheral devices. The plurality ofperipheral devices includes a liquid crystal display, a high-level audiospeaker, a low-level audio speaker, a high-intensity strobe light, and alow-intensity light-emitting diode. The microcomputer, via theperipheral device controller, controls the operation of the plurality ofperipheral devices according to the severity of a condition identifiedby an alert. For instance, the microcomputer causes the production ofaudible sound from the high-level audio speaker at a high-decibel leveland flashing of the high-intensity strobe light to warn a user of theexistence of a “Level One” alert (i.e., the most severe or importantalert condition). Similarly, the microcomputer causes the production ofaudible sound from the low-level audio speaker at a low-decibel leveland flashing of the low-intensity light-emitting diode to warn a user ofthe existence of a “Level Two” alert (i.e., a less severe or lessimportant alert condition). The microprocessor, via the peripheraldevice controller, also causes the display, on the liquid crystaldisplay, of textual information received as part of an alert message.

The alert device, in accordance with an embodiment, is operable tocontinuously monitor broadcasts from a cellular, PCS, or wirelesstelecommunications network. Accordingly, the alert device connects to anelectrical outlet to receive electrical power for normal operation, butincludes a battery backup and charging circuit to ensure operation ofthe alert device even in the event of a power failure. Furthermore, inthe embodiment, the alert device operates continuously when suppliedwith electrical power, has no on/off switch, and thus cannot easily bedeactivated by a user unlike a cellular or PCS telephone handset. Thealert device does, however, include a reset pushbutton that enables auser to temporarily deactivate, or stop, the audible and visual alarmsonce notified of an alert condition. In the embodiment, the alert deviceis mountable to an electrical wall socket in a manner substantiallysimilar to that of a conventional smoke detector. In an alternateembodiment, the alert device has an enclosure that enables the device toreside atop a table or other surface in a manner substantially similarto that of a weather radio. In an alternate embodiment, the alert deviceincludes a plurality of peripheral devices that are locatable at sitesremote from the alert device.

In accordance with a method of an embodiment of the present invention,the alert device operates according to the instructions of a computersoftware program residing in the microcomputer and performs a self-testwhen powered-up to determine whether the alert device is functioningproperly. The alert device, through cooperation between themicrocomputer, monitoring circuit, and receiver, then scans afactory-set, pre-identified set of radio channels comprising a range ofchannels used by compatible cellular or PCS telecommunication networksin order to identify the channel associated with the cellular or PCStransmitter which transmits on a digital control channel and which hasthe strongest signal strength at the location of the alert device. Thealert device then locks onto and passively monitors the selected channelfor digital alerts in the form of broadcast messages. Because the alertdevice passively monitors PCS network broadcasts, use of the alertdevice should not result in the user incurring periodic service chargesfrom the network provider.

According to the method of the present invention, the alert device, upondetecting and receiving a broadcast message, identifies whether thebroadcast message comprises an alert message. If so, the alert devicethen analyzes the alert message and determines the severity level of thealert identified by the alert message. If the alert is a “Level One”alert, the alert device operates, as described above, the high-levelaudio speaker to produce a highly obtrusive, high-decibel level soundsubstantially similar to that of a conventional smoke detector (i.e., asound that would cause even the hardest of sleepers to awaken) and thehigh-intensity strobe light to produce flashing, high-intensity, brightlight. If the alert is a “Level Two” alert, the alert device operates,as described above, the low-level audio speaker to produce aless-obtrusive, low-decibel level, “chirping” sound and thelow-intensity light-emitting diode to produce less-intense, less-bright,flashing light. Regardless of the severity level of the alert, the alertdevice extracts textual message information, if any, from the alertmessage and displays the textual message information on the liquidcrystal display to provide a user with a more detailed explanation as tothe nature of the alert. Once the user is informed as to the existenceand nature of the alert, the production of audible sounds and thegeneration of flashing light are terminable by the user throughdepression of the reset pushbutton protruding partially from the alertdevice.

In accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention, thealert device is operable with an alert messaging system of a serviceprovider which provides different levels of service (i.e., servicelevels or modes) to a user of the alert device in exchange for asubscription fee paid to the service provider by the user. The pluralityof service levels or modes enable different classifications of alertmessages to be related to and associated with the subscription status ofa user (i.e., the service level selected by, subscribed to, and paid forby a user). Based upon the service level selected by the user and storedin a service level data element of the user's alert device, the user'salert device will provide that level of service to the user. For exampleand not limitation, a user may select a service level from any of thefollowing levels: fully enabled; partially enabled; or, fully disabled.The user pays a subscription fee to the service provider in an amountdetermined by the selected service level, and the service providercauses a service level data element stored at the user's alert device tobe set to a value indicating the service level or mode selected by theuser. Once set, the user's alert device operates at the selected servicelevel. In the fully enabled mode, the alert device reacts to all alertmessages and provides the user with any received information pertainingto the corresponding alert. In the partially enabled mode, the alertdevice only reacts to the most severe alerts (i.e., “Level One” alerts)to provide subscribers with a minimal level of service and warnings. Inthe fully disabled mode, the alert device does not react to any alerts.Such operability allows a service provider of alert messages toestablish and enforce compliance with a subscription system.

According to another alternate embodiment of the present invention, thealert device is operable with an alert messaging system of a serviceprovider which provides a service level that enables the user's alertdevice to receive and react to an advertisement that is present in thebody of an alert message. In operation, the service provider causes aservice level data element stored at the user's alert device to be setto a value indicating that the user's alert device is to displayreceived advertisements on the device's display. Then, whenever thealert device receives a message having a service level with that value,the alert device extracts an advertisement from the body of the messageand displays it on the alert device's display.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide anapparatus and method for receiving location-specific alert informationwithout requiring a user to input data representative of the user'slocation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus andmethod for receiving location-specific alert information that is notlimited to a fixed location.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusfor receiving location-specific alert information that can be moved froman old location to a new location without requiring reprogramming or theinput of data representative of the new location.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusfor receiving location-specific alert information that self-identifiesthe strongest source of such alert information.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusfor receiving location-specific alert information that self-identifiesthe frequency on which the alert information is transmitted orbroadcast.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusand method for receiving location-specific alert information thatidentifies the different levels of severity associated with alerts.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusand method for receiving location-specific alert information thatproduces different sensory outputs corresponding to the different levelsof severity or importance of alerts.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusand method for receiving location-specific alert information whichoperates continuously, unless moved by a user, at a particular location.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusand method for receiving location-specific alert information which iscontinuously operable from an external electrical power source and whichhas an internal battery backup for use during power failures.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatusand method for receiving location-specific alert information whichdisplays a textual message related to the alert for which the alertinformation pertains.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent upon reading and understanding the present specificationwhen taken in conjunction with the appended drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of an alert device in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram representation of the alert device of FIG. 1displaying the major components thereof.

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the program domain of thenon-volatile program memory of the alert device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the data domain of thenon-volatile data memory of the alert device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the data domain of the volatiledata memory of the alert device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a pictorial representation of an exemplary PCS alert broadcastsystem in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the data of a digital alertmessage in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 8 a-d are flowchart representations of a main portion of acomputer software program of the alert device in accordance with amethod of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 9 a-b are flowchart representations of a self-test routine of thecomputer software program of the alert device in accordance with amethod of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart representation of a high-level alarm routine ofthe computer software program of the alert device in accordance with amethod of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart representation of a low-level alarm routine ofthe computer software program of the alert device in accordance with amethod of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart representation of a timer interrupt handlingroutine of the computer software program of the alert device inaccordance with a method of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart representation of a reset interrupt handlingroutine of the computer software program of the alert device inaccordance with a method of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram representation of a first portion of an alertdevice of a first alternate embodiment displaying the major componentsthereof.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram representation of the first portion of thealert device of FIG. 14 and a plurality of remotely-located peripheraldevices of a second portion of the alert device.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart representation of a startup service level checkroutine of a computer software program of an alert device in accordancewith the method of a second alternate embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart representation of a service level adjustmentroutine of the computer software program of an alert device inaccordance with the method of the second alternate embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart representation of a service level authenticationroutine of the computer software program of an alert device inaccordance with the method of the second alternate embodiment of thepresent invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to the drawings, in which like numerals represent likecomponents throughout the several views, an alert device 20, inaccordance with an apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention,is shown in pictorial form in FIG. 1 and in block diagram form in FIG.2. The alert device 20 comprises an enclosure 22 and a microcomputer 24,receiver 26, diversity receive antenna 28, power supply 30, and backupbattery 32 residing therein. Preferably, the enclosure 22 ismanufactured from a durable plastic material and the alert device 20 isdirectly pluggable into an electrical wall outlet through use of anelectrical plug 34 located on the back of the enclosure 22, therebyavoiding the need for mounting hardware and the difficulties of mountingthe enclosure to a wall. According to the apparatus of an embodiment,the receiver 26 is adapted to receive digital signals within the rangesof channels utilized for cellular, PCS, or other wireless communicationsin the area in which the alert device 20 is deployed. For example andnot limitation, the receiver 26 is adapted to receive digital signals onchannels having receive-side frequencies in the (i) 969 MHz to 994 MHzrange, (ii) 1840 MHz to 1865 MHz range, (iii) 1930.72 MHz to 1945 MHzrange, (iv) 1950.72 MHz to 1965 MHz range, or (v) 1975.72 MHz to 1990MHz range. It is understood, however, that the scope of the presentinvention includes similar receivers which are adapted to receivecellular, PCS, or wireless digital signals in any frequency range.

The alert device 20 further comprises a plurality of peripheral devices36 which electrically connect to the microcomputer 24, and an externalantenna 38 having a first portion which resides within the enclosure 22and a second portion which extends outside of the enclosure 22. Anexternal antenna 38, acceptable in accordance with an embodiment, is arubber-covered antenna commonly known as a “rubber duck antenna” whichis often found in cellular, PCS, or wireless telephones.

The plurality of peripheral devices 36 includes a liquid crystal display36 a residing within the enclosure 22 adjacent to an opening 40 in theenclosure 22 that enables the liquid crystal display 36 a to be visiblefrom outside the enclosure 22. Preferably, the liquid crystal display 36a is backlit to enhance the readability of the display 36 a. The liquidcrystal display 36 a has signal strength indicator 37 located near theright side of the display 36 a. The signal strength indicator 37comprises a plurality of liquid crystal bars 39 arranged in a,generally, vertical direction which the microcomputer 24 energizes todarken the bars 39 and, thereby indicate the signal strength of thestrongest channel received by the alert device 20 at the device'sthen-existing location. A stronger signal is indicated by energizing anddarkening of a larger number of bars 39, while a weaker signal isindicated by energizing and darkening of a smaller number of bars 39.

The plurality of peripheral devices 36 also includes a high-level audiospeaker 36 b and a low-level audio speaker 36 c which reside within theenclosure 22 at positions adjacent respective grill-like openings 42, 44in the enclosure 22 that allow audible sounds generated by the speakers36 b, 36 c to exit the enclosure 22 to the environment surrounding theemergency alert device 20. In accordance with an embodiment, thehigh-level audio speaker 36 b includes a speaker, substantially similarto those found in smoke detectors, which produces a high-decibel levelcontinuous or pulsating tone that is sufficiently loud to awaken asleeping person. The low-level audio speaker 36 c, according to anembodiment, includes a speaker which, when appropriately activated,emits a periodic “chirp-type” sound substantially similar to the soundemitted by the speakers employed in portable pagers.

The plurality of peripheral devices 36 additionally includes ahigh-intensity strobe light 36 d and a low-intensity light emittingdiode (LED) 36 e which reside within the enclosure 22 and are visible,through a window-covered opening 46, from outside the enclosure 22. Thehigh-intensity strobe light 36 d, in accordance with the apparatus of anembodiment, includes a conventional xenon flash tube which is pulsablein a periodic manner to produce a bright flash of light every one to twoseconds when in use, thereby enabling the alert device 20 to draw theattention of a hearing impaired person. The low-intensity light emittingdiode 36 e, according to the apparatus of an embodiment, includes aconventional, red light emitting diode that is pulsable in a mannersimilar to that employed with the high-intensity strobe light 36 d. Theplurality of peripheral devices 36 further includes a reset pushbutton36 f that extends through an opening in the enclosure 22 so as to bedepressable by a user of the alert device 20.

The microcomputer 24 comprises, preferably, a custom-manufactured devicesubstantially similar to those microcomputers residing in cellular, PCS,or wireless telephones and includes, integrated therein, a centralprocessing unit (CPU) 60, a monitoring circuit 62, a non-volatileprogram memory 64, a non-volatile data memory 66, a volatile data memory68, a peripheral device controller 70, and a count-down timer 72. Thenon-volatile program memory 64, illustrated in FIG. 3, stores a computersoftware program 200 having a main portion 210, a self-test routine 400,a high-level alarm routine 500, a low-level alarm routine 600, a timerinterrupt handling routine 700, and a reset interrupt handling routine800 which the CPU 60 executes, as described below, to cause the alertdevice 20 to operate in accordance with a method of an embodiment of thepresent invention.

The non-volatile data memory 66, illustrated in FIG. 4, stores valuesfor the starting channel identifier 76 and the ending channel identifier78 of the range of channels to be monitored, or scanned, by the receiver26 for the presence of a digital control channel as described below. Thenon-volatile data memory 66 also stores the value of the test channelstep-size 80 and a plurality of receive frequencies 82 corresponding ina one-to-one relationship with channels to be possibly monitored by thereceiver 26 (i.e., so that receive frequency 82 a corresponds to thefirst channel possible for monitoring, receive frequency 82 bcorresponds to the second channel possible for monitoring, and receivefrequency 82 n corresponds to the n^(th) channel possible formonitoring. In accordance with an embodiment, the non-volatile datamemory 66 stores a plurality of receive frequencies 82 corresponding tothe channels associated with the receive-side frequencies in (i) the 969MHz to 994 MHz range, (ii) the 1840 MHz to 1865 MHz range, (iii) the1930.72 MHz to 1945 MHz range, (iv) the 1950.72 MHz to 1965 MHz range,or (v) the 1975.72 MHz to 1990 MHz range. The non-volatile data memory66 also stores a self-test time period 81 which defines the amount oftime that the self-test routine 400 delays at various steps duringexecution.

The volatile data memory 68, illustrated in FIG. 4, stores a pluralityof channel identifiers 84 and a plurality of signal strength values 86organized in a list, or table, 88 of plurality of channelidentifier/signal strength pairs 90. Each channel identifier/signalstrength pair 90 comprises a channel identifier 84 and a respectivesignal strength value 86 which represent a number identifying a digitalcontrol channel found and the associated signal strength value 86 (alsoreferred to herein as “signal strength”) identified by the receiver 26and monitoring circuit 62 as described below. The volatile data memory66 also stores a test channel identifier 91 and a pointer 93 to thedigital control channel selected as described below (also referred toherein as an “alert channel pointer 93”).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the peripheraldevice controller 70 is an intelligent controller which produces, atappropriate times described below, signals necessary to cause operationof each peripheral device 36 of the plurality of peripheral devices 36as described herein. For example and not limitation, the peripheraldevice controller 70 produces, when necessary, signals necessary tocause the high-level audio speaker 36 b to generate an obtrusive tonewhich should wake the soundest of sleepers, the low-level audio speaker36 c to generate “chirping” sounds, and the high-intensity strobe light36 d and the low-intensity light-emitting diode 36 e to flash. Theperipheral device controller 70 also ceases, at appropriate timesdescribed below, the production of signals which cause operation, forinstance, of the high-level audio speaker 36 b, the low-level speaker 36c, the high-intensity strobe light 36 d, and the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e.

The count-down timer 72, according to an embodiment, comprises a timerwhich is programmable by the CPU 60 to start counting down time from aninitial time provided to the count-down timer 72 by the CPU 60. Uponreaching zero, the count down timer 72 produces an interrupt signalwhich is communicated to the CPU 60. The reset pushbutton 36 f alsoproduces an interrupt signal which is communicated to the CPU 60.

The microcomputer 24, as displayed in FIG. 2, further includes a bus 74which interconnects the CPU 60 and the monitoring circuit 62,non-volatile program memory 64, non-volatile data memory 66, volatiledata memory 68, peripheral device controller 70, and count-down timer 72for the communication of address, data, and control signals (includinginterrupt signals) therebetween. The monitoring circuit 62communicatively connects to the receiver 26 through signal lines 92.Receiver 26 electrically connects, via respective signal lines 94, 96,to the diversity receive antenna 28 and the external antenna 38. Theperipheral device controller 70 communicatively connects to the liquidcrystal display 36 a, the high-level audio speaker 36 b, the low-levelaudio speaker 36 c, the high-intensity strobe light 36 d, thelow-intensity light emitting diode (LED) 36 e, and the reset pushbutton36 f through respective signal lines 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108.

The power supply 30 connects, via electrical conductors 110, toelectrical plug 34 for the receipt of alternating-current electricalpower. The power supply 30 converts the alternating-current electricalpower into direct-current electrical power at appropriate voltages. Thepower supply 30 also connects to the microcomputer 24, the receiver 26,and the plurality of peripheral devices 36, where necessary (althoughnot shown in FIG. 2), for the delivery of direct-current electricalpower thereto at appropriate voltages. The power supply 30 includes acharging and switching circuit 112 therein which bi-directionallyconnects to the backup battery 32 through conductors 114. Duringoperation, whenever alternating-current electrical power is supplied tothe alert device 20, the charging and switching circuit 112 charges thebackup battery 32, if necessary, by delivering direct-current electricalpower to the backup battery 32 through conductors 114. Alternatively,whenever alternating-current electrical power is not supplied to thealert device 20 (for example, due to a utility or other power failure),the backup battery 32 supplies direct-current electrical power to thecharging and switching circuit 112 through conductors 114 for subsequentdelivery to the microcomputer 24, the receiver 26, and the plurality ofperipheral devices 36, where necessary.

In accordance with the apparatus of an embodiment of the presentinvention, the receiver 26 further includes those receivers capable ofreceiving digital cellular, PCS, or wireless telecommunication signalscorresponding to alert messages 130 (described below) broadcast fromcellular, PCS, or wireless telecommunication transmitters 120 residingon towers 122 that are positioned to provide cellular, PCS, or wirelesstelecommunications services for respective, localized, and identifiablegeographical areas 124 as illustrated pictorially in FIG. 6. A receiver26 produces the alert messages 130, prior to their reception, by analert messaging system. An alert messaging system is, typically,operated by a governmental authority and comprises telecommunicationsequipment, computer hardware and computer software which: (i) receivesan alert from a source, for instance, the Emergency Alert System orNational Weather Service or Department of Defense, (ii) determineswhether one or more alert messages 130 corresponding to the alert shouldbe broadcast, (iii) identifies the appropriate telecommunicationstransmitters 120 (and, hence, the geographical areas 124) to which thealert message(s) 130 should be delivered, (iv) builds and formats thealert message(s) 130 appropriately, and (v) communicates the alertmessage(s) 130 to a cellular, PCS, or wireless telecommunicationsnetwork for routing of the alert message(s) 130 to the identifiedtelecommunications transmitter(s) 120 which, subsequently, broadcast thealert message(s) 130 to their respective geographical area(s) 124.

The alert messages 130 received by receiver 26 and acted upon, asdescribed below, by the alert device 20 include, according to anembodiment of the present invention, messages 130 which are encoded bythe alert messaging system according to the Broadcast Short MessagesSystem in the format of a PCS short message (illustrated by theschematic data representation of FIG. 7). Each alert message 130includes a message header 132 indicating that the message 130 includesalert data and the general level of the alert. Preferably, the header132 comprises eight (8) bytes of data, including a three (3) byte marketcode 134, a two (2) byte zone code 136, a two (2) byte alert level code138, and a one (1) byte date stamp 140. The market code 134 includesdata which identifies the regional market for which the alert message130 is intended (i.e., the regional market includes a plurality oftelecommunication transmitters 120 located in the geographical regionidentified by the regional market code). The zone code 136 comprisesdata which identifies the particular telecommunication transmitter 120within the regional market that is to broadcast the alert message 130.Together, the market code 134 and the zone code 136 are used by thecellular, PCS, or wireless telecommunications network, as describedabove, for routing and communication of the alert message 130 to thetelecommunications transmitter(s) 120 and geographical area 124identified as appropriate by the alert messaging system.

The alert level code 138 of each alert message 130 includes data whichidentifies the severity and type of the alert condition. The EAS AM & FMHandbook, published by the Federal Communication Commission of theUnited States divides the alerts sent out by the Emergency Alert System(“EAS”) (referred to herein as “emergency alerts”) into three (3)general levels of severity. A “Level Zero” emergency alert (i.e.,signified by an alert message 130 in which the alert level code 138 hasa value of four (4)) indicates the existence of no emergency alertconditions and that previous emergency alerts are no longer valid or nolonger in effect. A “Level One” alert (i.e., signified by an alertmessage 130 in which the alert level code 138 has a value of five (5))indicates the existence, in the geographical area 124 to which the alertmessage 130 pertains and is communicated, of an emergency situationposing an extraordinary threat to the safety of life or property suchas, but not limited to, the existence, or imminent existence, of atornado, flood, fire, discharge of hazardous materials, industrialexplosion, or nuclear incident. A “Level Two” emergency alert (i.e.,signified by an alert message 130 in which the alert level code 138 hasa value of six (6)) indicates the issuance of a severe weather watch orthat a particular emergency condition is possible in the geographicalarea 124 to which the emergency alert is communicated viatelecommunication transmitters 120.

According to an embodiment, the alert level code 138, when appropriate,contains values other than those values described above to indicateother types of alerts and the respective severity of such other types ofalerts. For instance, a “Level One” military alert (i.e., signified byan alert message 130 in which the alert level code 138 has a value ofseven (7)) indicates the existence, for the geographical area 124 towhich the alert message 130 pertains and is communicated, of anextremely important military alert (as an example, an alert requiringthat all active duty military personnel and reservists report to theirbases immediately). A “Level Two” military alert (i.e., signified by analert message 130 in which the alert level code 138 has a value of eight(8)) indicates the existence, for the geographical area 124 to which thealert message 130 pertains and is communicated, of a less-importantmilitary alert (as an example, an alert requesting that all reservistsreport on Sunday instead of Saturday). It is understood that the scopeof the present invention includes other types and severities of alertshaving different values for alert level code 138.

Each alert message 130 further includes a text message string 142 whichfollows the message header 132. The text message string 142, preferably,includes a maximum of 160 ASCII text characters for display on theliquid crystal display 36 a of the alert device 20 and provides moredetailed information or instructions related to an alert condition.Because each alert message 130 is broadcast by one or more particulartelecommunications transmitters 120 to alert devices 20 present in aspecific, identifiable geographical area 124, information relevant tothat geographical area 124 is includable in the text message string 142.For example and not limitation, when a tornado has been identified bymeteorologists as heading in a path toward, for instance, the Dunwoody,Ga. community, an alert message 130 sent and broadcast to that areaincludes a text message string 142 storing a message such as “TAKEIMMEDIATE COVER—A TORNADO STRIKE MAY BE IMMINENT IN THE DUNWOODY,GEORGIA AREA!”. Other typical alert message text strings 142 include,for example and not limitation, messages such as “SEVERE THUNDERSTORMSWILL MOVE INTO YOUR AREA WITHIN 30 MINUTES”, “FLASH FLOODS ARE POSSIBLEIN YOUR AREA”, “ALL ALERTS FOR YOUR AREA HAVE LAPSED”, “AN ESCAPEDCONVICT IS ON THE LOOSE IN YOUR AREA—PLEASE LOCK ALL DOORS AND WINDOWS”,or other relevant messages.

The alert device 20 operates, in accordance with a preferred method ofthe present invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 8-13. In response to auser plugging the electrical plug 34 into an electrical outlet, thealert device 20 initiates operation at step 212 where the CPU 60 of themicrocomputer 24 begins to execute the instructions of the main portion210 of the computer software program 200 residing in non-volatileprogram memory 64, thereby causing the alert device 20 to function asset forth in FIG. 8. After performing various initialization tasks, theCPU 60 executes, at step 214, the instructions of a self-test routine400 (illustrated in FIG. 9) which tests the alert device's 20 ability todisplay messages on the liquid crystal display 36 a, to produceappropriate tones on the high-level audio speaker 36 b and the low-levelaudio speaker 36 c, and to generate flashing light from thehigh-intensity strobe light 36 d and the low-intensity light-emittingdiode 36 e. Upon completing execution of the instructions of theself-test routine 400, operation of the alert device 20 advances to step216.

The CPU 60 reads from the non-volatile data memory 66, at step 216, thestarting channel identifier 76 of the range of channels to be monitored,or scanned, by the receiver 26 for the presence of a digital controlchannel. The CPU 60 sets the test channel identifier 91 of volatile datamemory 68 to the value of the starting channel identifier 76 and thensets the monitoring circuit 62 and receiver 26 to monitor, or scan, thetest channel identified by the test channel identifier 91 by (i)identifying the receive frequency 82 corresponding to the test channelthrough performance of a table lookup operation using the test channelidentifier 91 and the plurality of receive frequencies 82 stored innon-volatile data memory 66 and by (ii) communicating the looked-upreceive frequency 82 to the monitoring circuit 62 via bus 74. Themonitoring circuit 62 then sets the frequency to be received by thereceiver 26 by communicating the receive frequency 82 to the receiver 26via signal lines 92. The receiver 26 then commences reception of signalson the receive frequency 82 and provides output on signal lines 92 tothe monitoring circuit 62, including the signal strength of the channelcurrently being monitored by the receiver 26.

Upon receiving output from the receiver 26, the monitoring circuit 62,at step 220, analyzes the output from the receiver 26 to determinewhether a digital control channel is present on the test channelidentified by the test channel identifier 91. If so, the monitoringcircuit 62 so informs the CPU 60 and the CPU 60 stores the test channelidentifier 91 in the plurality of channel identifiers 84 of the volatiledata memory 68 at step 222. Then, at step 224, the CPU 60 reads thesignal strength value 86 from the monitoring circuit 62, via bus 74, andstores the signal strength value 86 in volatile data memory 68 inassociation with the test channel identifier 91 stored at step 222(i.e., as one channel identifier/signal strength pair 90 of theplurality of channel identifier/signal strength pair 90). If not, theCPU 60 determines, at step 226, whether the test channel identifier 91equals the ending channel identifier 78. If the test channel identifier91 does not equal the ending channel identifier 78, the CPU 60increments the test channel identifier 91 of volatile data memory 68 bythe test channel step-size 80 of non-volatile data memory 66 at step 228and loops back to step 218 in order to set the monitoring circuit 62 andreceiver 26 to monitor, or scan, the test channel identified by theincremented test channel identifier 91.

If, at step 226, the CPU 60 determines that the test channel identifier91 equals the ending channel identifier 78, all of the channels havebeen monitored for the presence of a digital control channel and the CPU60 then determines, at step 230, whether any digital control channelshave been found by reviewing the table 88 of the plurality of channelidentifier/signal strength pairs 90 for the presence of channelidentifiers 84 and signal strength values 86. If the CPU 60 determines,at step 230, that no digital control channels have been found (i.e.,that table 88 contains no channel identifiers 84 and signal strengthvalues 86), the CPU 60 instructs, at step 232, the peripheral devicecontroller 70 to display “NO SERVICE AVAILABLE” on the liquid crystaldisplay 36 a. The CPU 60 then loops back to step 216.

If the CPU 60 determines, at step 230, that a digital control channelhas been found, the CPU 60 then, at step 236, analyzes and compares thesignal strength values 86 stored in volatile data memory 68 to identifyand select the digital control channel having the strongest signalstrength value 86 (the digital control channel so identified beingreferred to herein as the “alert channel”). At step 238, the CPU 60stores the channel identifier 84 of the alert channel as the alertchannel pointer 93 in volatile data memory 68. Next, at step 240, theCPU 60 sets the monitoring circuit 62 to monitor the alert channel byretrieving the receive frequency 82 corresponding to the alert channel(referred to herein as the “alert channel receive frequency”) using thealert channel pointer 93 and the plurality of receive frequencies 82stored in non-volatile data memory 66 and by communicating the alertchannel receive frequency to the monitoring circuit 62 via bus 74. Themonitoring circuit 62 then sets the receiver 26 to receive signals atthe alert channel receive frequency, by communicating the alert channelreceive frequency to the receiver 26 through signal lines 92.

Advancing to step 242, the CPU 60 causes the graphical display of thesignal strength of the alert channel by instructing the peripheraldevice controller 70 to energize the appropriate bars 39 of the signalstrength indicator 37 of the liquid crystal display 36 a. By graphicallydisplaying the signal strength of the alert channel, the alert device 20enables a user to move the alert device 20 to other locations (forinstance, in the user's house) and to visually see any change in signalstrength, thereby further enabling a user to select a location for thealert device 20 at which the alert device 20 receives the maximumpossible signal strength for the alert channel. Next, at step 244, theCPU 60 instructs the peripheral device controller 70, via bus 74, todisplay the word “READY” in the alphanumeric portion of the liquidcrystal display 36 a. In response, the peripheral device controller 70communicates an appropriate command to the liquid crystal display 36 a,via signal lines 98, causing the liquid crystal display 36 a to displaythe word “READY”.

In accordance with the method of an embodiment of the present invention,the monitoring circuit 62 continually monitors, at step 246, the alertchannel for the presence of a broadcast short message until themonitoring circuit 62 detects a broadcast short message. Upon detectionof a broadcast short message, the monitoring circuit 62 notifies the CPU60 of the receipt of the broadcast short message at step 248 and, inresponse, the CPU 60 reads the header 132 of the broadcast shortmessage. The CPU 60, at step 250, analyzes the header 132 and determineswhether the broadcast short message is an alert message 130 by comparingthe format and data of the received broadcast short message to theformat and data values known to the CPU 60 as corresponding to an alertmessage 130. If the CPU 60 determines that the broadcast short messageis not an alert message 130, the CPU 60 branches back to step 246 toresume monitoring of the alert channel. If the CPU 60 determines thatthe broadcast short message is an alert message 130, the CPU 60identifies the alert level of the alert message 130 by extracting thealert level code 138 from the alert message 130 at step 252.

Proceeding to step 254, the CPU 60 determines whether the alert levelcode 138 corresponds to a “Level Zero” emergency alert (i.e., the alertlevel code 138 has a value of 4). If the CPU 60 determines that thealert message 130 is a message for a “Level Zero” emergency alert, theCPU 60 communicates, at step 256, a command to the peripheral devicecontroller 70, via bus 74, instructing the peripheral device controller70 to stop the production of all tones from all audio speakers 36 b, 36c. In response, the peripheral device controller 70 ceases thegeneration and supply of signals on signal lines 100, 102 in order to,respectively, terminate the production of tones from the high-levelaudio speaker 36 b and the low-level audio speaker 36 c. Then, at step258, the CPU 60 communicates a command to the peripheral devicecontroller 70, via bus 74, instructing the peripheral device controller70 to stop the flashing of the high-intensity strobe light 36 d and thelow-intensity light-emitting diode 36 e. The peripheral devicecontroller 70, in response, ceases the generation and supply of signalson signal lines 104, 106, thereby stopping the flashing of thehigh-intensity strobe light 36 d and the low-intensity light emittingdiode 36 e. The CPU 60 then loops back to step 246 and resumesmonitoring the alert channel.

If, at step 254, the CPU 60 determines that the alert level code 138does not correspond to a “Level Zero” emergency alert, the CPU 60determines, at step 260, whether the alert level code 138 corresponds toa “Level One” emergency alert. If so, the CPU 60 executes a call, atstep 262, to the high-level alarm routine 500 and begins executionaccording to the high-level alarm routine 500, described below, in orderto cause the production of a high-decibel level tone on the high-levelaudio speaker 36 b and the flashing of the high-intensity strobe light36 d. Upon completion of the high-level alarm routine 500, the CPU 60loops back to step 246 and resumes monitoring of the alert channel. Ifthe CPU 60 determines, at step 260, that the alert level code 138 doesnot correspond to a “Level One” emergency alert, the CPU 60 continuesoperation with step 264.

At step 264, the CPU 60 determines whether the alert level code 138corresponds to a “Level Two” emergency alert. If so, the CPU 60 executesa call, at step 266, to the low-level alarm routine 600 and beginsexecution in accordance with the low-level alarm routine 600, describedbelow, in order to cause the production of a “chirping tone” on thelow-level audio speaker 36 c and the flashing of the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e. Upon completion of the low-level alarmroutine 600, the CPU 60 loops back to step 246 and resumes monitoring ofthe alert channel. If the CPU 60 determines, at step 264, that the alertlevel code 138 does not correspond to a “Level One” emergency alert, theCPU 60 continues operation with step 266.

The CPU 60 determines, at step 268, whether the alert level code 138corresponds to a “Level One” military alert. If so, the CPU 60 executesa call, at step 270, to the high level alarm routine 500 and beginsexecution according to the high-level alarm routine 500, describedbelow, in order to cause the production of a high-decibel level tone onthe high-level audio speaker 36 b and the flashing of the high-intensitystrobe light 36 d. Upon completion of the high-level alarm routine 500,the CPU 60 loops back to step 246 and resumes monitoring of the alertchannel. If the CPU 60 determines, at step 268, that the alert levelcode 138 does not correspond to a “Level One” military alert, the CPU 60continues operation with step 272.

At step 272, the CPU 60 determines whether the alert level code 138corresponds to a “Level Two” military alert. If so, the CPU 60 executesa call, at step 274, to the low-level alarm routine 600 and beginsexecution in accordance with the low-level alarm routine 600, describedbelow, in order to cause the production of a “chirping tone” on thelow-level audio speaker 36 c and the flashing of the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e. Upon completion of the low-level alarmroutine 600, the CPU 60 loops back to step 246 and resumes monitoring ofthe alert channel. If the CPU 60 determines, at step 272, that the alertlevel code 138 does not correspond to a “Level One” emergency alert, theCPU 60 loops back to step 246 and resumes monitoring of the alertchannel.

FIG. 9 displays the self-test routine 400, in accordance with the methodof an embodiment of the present invention, which includes steps that theCPU 60 performs when the alert device 20 calls the self-test routine 400at step 214 of the main portion 210 of the computer software program200. After performing initialization tasks at step 402, the CPU 60communicates, at step 404, an instruction to the peripheral devicecontroller 70, via bus 74, directing the peripheral device controller 70to display the words “SELF-TEST IN PROGRESS” on the liquid crystaldisplay 36 a. The peripheral device controller 70 then communicatesappropriate signals to the liquid crystal display 36 a through signallines 98. In response, the liquid crystal display 36 a displays thewords “SELF-TEST IN PROGRESS”. Then, at steps 406 and 408, the CPU 60communicates instructions to the peripheral device controller 70 throughbus 74 which direct the peripheral device controller 70 to generateappropriate signals on signal lines 100, 104 which, respectively, causethe high-level audio speaker 36 b to produce a high-decibel level toneand the high-intensity strobe light 36 d to periodically flash. Afterdelaying for the period of time stored in the self-test time period 81of the non-volatile data memory 66 at step 410, the CPU 60 communicatescommands, at steps 412 and 414, to the peripheral device controller 70directing the peripheral device controller 70 to terminate theproduction of appropriate signals on respective signal lines 100, 104and, hence, stop the high-level audio speaker 36 b from generating ahigh-decibel level tone and the high-intensity strobe light 36 d fromflashing.

Continuing at step 416, the CPU 60 directs the peripheral devicecontroller 70, by the communication of a command therebetween over bus74, to initiate the production of a low-decibel level tone on thelow-level audio speaker 36 c. In response, the peripheral devicecontroller 70 generates appropriate signals on signal lines 102 whichcause the low-level audio speaker 36 c to begin producing a low-decibeltone. Next, at step 420, the CPU 60 sends an instruction to theperipheral device controller 70, via bus 74, instructing the peripheraldevice controller 70 to begin flashing of the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e. The peripheral device controller 70, inresponse, generates appropriate signals on signal lines 106 which causethe low-intensity light-emitting diode 36 e to flash periodically. Upondelaying, at step 422 for a period of time equaling the self-test timerperiod 81 stored in non-volatile data memory 66, the CPU 60 communicatescommands to the peripheral device controller 70 over bus 74, at steps424 and 426, which direct the peripheral device controller 70 to stopthe production of the low-decibel level tone and flashing light.Responsive to the commands, the peripheral device controller 70terminates the production of signals on respective signal lines 102,106, thereby stopping the generation of the low-decibel level tone fromthe low-level audio speaker 36 c and the flashing of the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e.

The CPU 60, at step 428, transmits an instruction over bus 74 to theperipheral device controller 70 directing the peripheral devicecontroller 70 to cause the display of the words “SELF-TEST SUCCESSFULLYCOMPLETED” on the liquid crystal display 36 a. The peripheral devicecontroller 70 then generates appropriate signals on signal lines 98,including signals representing the words “SELF-TEST SUCCESSFULLYCOMPLETED”, to cause those words to appear on the liquid crystal display36 a. In response, the liquid crystal display 36 a displays the words“SELF-TEST SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED”. Next, the CPU 60 delays, at step430, for a period of time corresponding to the self-test time period 81stored in the non-volatile data memory 66 before returning, at step 432,to the execution in accordance with the main portion 210 of the computersoftware program 200.

FIG. 10 displays the high-level alarm routine 500, in accordance withthe method of an embodiment of the present invention, which includessteps that the CPU 60 performs when the alert device 20 calls thehigh-level alarm routine 500 at steps 262 and 270 of the main portion210 of the computer software program 200. After performing variousinitialization tasks at step 502, the CPU 60 communicates a command, atstep 504 and via bus 74, to the peripheral device controller 70instructing the peripheral device controller 70 to start producing ahigh-decibel level tone on the high-level audio speaker 36 b. Inresponse, the peripheral device controller 70 generates and supplies,through signal lines 100, appropriate signals to the high-level audiospeaker 36 b, thereby causing the high-level audio speaker 36 b toproduce a continuous high-decibel level tone. In an alternate method ofthe present invention, the peripheral device controller 70 causes thehigh-level audio speaker 36 b to produce non-continuous, high-decibellevel tones.

At step 506, the CPU 60 similarly communicates a command, via bus 74, tothe peripheral device controller 70 instructing the peripheral devicecontroller 70 to start flashing the high-intensity strobe light 36 d.The peripheral device controller 70, in response, produces and suppliesappropriate signals, via signal lines 104, to the high-intensity strobelight 36 d, thereby causing the high-intensity strobe light 36 d toflash at a periodic rate. In an alternate method of the presentinvention, the peripheral device controller 70 causes the high-intensitystrobe light 36 d to flash in a non-periodic manner.

Continuing at step 508, the CPU 60 extracts the text message string 142from the alert message 130 and communicates the extracted text messagestring 142 (and a command to display the extracted text message string142) to the peripheral device controller 70 via bus 74. The peripheraldevice controller 70 then communicates appropriate signals, includingthe extracted text message string 142, to the liquid crystal display 36a through signal lines 98 in order to cause the extracted text messagestring 142 to appear on the liquid crystal display 36 a. Upon display ofthe extracted text message string 142 on the liquid crystal display 36a, the CPU 60 sets, at step 510, the count-down timer 72 by sendingappropriate instructions to the count-down timer 72 via bus 74, to begincounting down for, according to an embodiments, a period of two (2)hours during which the extracted text message string 142 remainsdisplayed on the liquid crystal display 36 a. Then, at step 512, the CPU60 resumes execution in accordance with the main portion 210 of thecomputer software program 200 after the step which called for executionof the steps of the high-level alarm routine 500.

FIG. 11 displays the low-level alarm routine 600, in accordance with themethod of an embodiment of the present invention, which includes stepsthat the CPU 60 performs when the alert device 20 calls the low-levelalarm routine 600 at steps 266 and 274 of the main portion 210 of thecomputer software program 200. After performing various initializationtasks at step 602, the CPU 60 communicates a command, at step 604 andvia bus 74, to the peripheral device controller 70 instructing theperipheral device controller 70 to start producing a low-decibel“chirping” tone on the low-level audio speaker 36 c. In response, theperipheral device controller 70 generates and supplies, through signallines 102, appropriate signals to the low-level audio speaker 36 c,thereby causing the low-level audio speaker 36 c to produce a “chirping”low-decibel level tone. In an alternate method of the present invention,the peripheral device controller 70 causes the low-level audio speaker36 c to produce continuous, low-decibel level tone.

At step 606, the CPU 60 similarly communicates a command, via bus 74, tothe peripheral device controller 70 instructing the peripheral devicecontroller 70 to start flashing the low-intensity light-emitting diode36 e. The peripheral device controller 70, in response, produces andsupplies appropriate signals, via signal lines 106, to the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e, thereby causing the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e to flash at a periodic rate. In an alternatemethod of the present invention, the peripheral device controller 70causes the low-intensity light-emitting diode 36 e to flash in anon-periodic manner.

Continuing at step 608, the CPU 60 extracts the text message string 142from the alert message 130 and communicates the extracted text messagestring 142 (and a command to display the extracted text message string142) to the peripheral device controller 70 via bus 74. The peripheraldevice controller 70 then communicates appropriate signals, includingthe extracted text message string 142, to the liquid crystal display 36a through signal lines 98 in order to cause the extracted text messagestring 142 to appear on the liquid crystal display 36 a. Upon display ofthe extracted text message string 142 on the liquid crystal display 36a, the CPU 60 sets, at step 610, the count-down timer 72 by sendingappropriate instructions to the count-down timer 72 via bus 74, to begincounting down for, according to an embodiments, a period of two (2)hours during which the extracted text message string 142 remainsdisplayed on the liquid crystal display 36 a. Then, at step 612, the CPU60 resumes execution in accordance with the main portion 210 of thecomputer software program 200 after the step which called for executionof the steps of the low-level alarm routine 600.

FIG. 12 displays the timer interrupt handling routine 700, in accordancewith the method of an embodiment of the present invention, whichincludes steps that the CPU 60 performs when the count-down timer 72completes counting down to zero and provides an asynchronous interruptsignal to the CPU 60 via bus 74. After performing various initializationtasks at step 702, the CPU 60 communicates a command, at step 704 andvia bus 74, to the peripheral device controller 70 instructing theperipheral device controller 70 to clear the liquid crystal display 36 aand then display the word “READY” on the liquid crystal display 36 a.The peripheral device controller 70 then communicates appropriatesignals, including the word “READY”, to the liquid crystal display 36 athrough signal lines 98 in order to cause erasure of all text present onthe liquid crystal display 36 a and to cause the word “READY” to appearon the liquid crystal display 36 a. In response, the liquid crystaldisplay 36 a erases all text and then displays the word “READY”. The CPU60, at step 706, resumes execution in accordance with the main portion210 of the computer software program 200.

FIG. 13 displays the reset interrupt handling routine 800, in accordancewith the method of an embodiment of the present invention, whichincludes steps that the CPU 60 performs when the reset pushbutton 36 fis depressed by a user (i.e., to stop the generation of all sounds andall flashing light) and the peripheral device controller 70, inresponse, provides an asynchronous interrupt signal to the CPU 60 viabus 74. After performing various initialization tasks at step 802, theCPU 60 communicates, at step 804, a command to the peripheral devicecontroller 70, via bus 74, instructing the peripheral device controller70 to stop the production of all tones from all audio speakers 36 b, 36c. In response, the peripheral device controller 70 ceases thegeneration and supply of signals on signal lines 100, 102 in order toterminate the production of tones from the high-level audio speaker 36 band the low-level audio speaker 36 c. Then, at step 806, the CPU 60communicates a command to the peripheral device controller 70, via bus74, instructing the peripheral device controller 70 to stop the flashingof the high-intensity strobe light 36 d and the low-intensitylight-emitting diode 36 e. The peripheral device controller 70, inresponse, ceases the generation and supply of signals on signal lines104, 106, thereby stopping the flashing of the high-intensity strobelight 36 d and the low-intensity light-emitting diode 36 e. Afterstopping the generation of all flashing light, the CPU 60, at step 808,resumes execution in accordance with the main portion 210 of thecomputer software program 200.

It is understood that the term “PCS”, as used herein, refers to anyshort-range, geographically-distributed broadcast system similar tothose commonly used in cellular or PCS mobile telecommunication networksand the like. It is also understood that the scope of the presentinvention includes alert devices which operate with other digitalwireless telecommunication networks and which receive broadcast messageswhich are formatted and transmitted using formats, protocols,geographical identifiers, and severity indicators other than thatdefined by the Broadcast Short Messages System or by the EAS AM & FMHandbook.

FIG. 14 displays an alert device 20′, in accordance with an apparatus ofa first alternate embodiment of the present invention, for use atinstallations where audible tones and flashing light must be deliveredto persons located remotely from the site of the alert device 20′. Thealert device 20′ is substantially similar to the alert device 20 of anembodiment, except that the alert device 20′ further comprises anexternal peripheral interface 75′ which connects to the peripheraldevice controller 70′ and to pluralities of remote peripheral devices 37a′, 37 b′, 37 c′ (see FIG. 15). Each plurality of remote peripheraldevices 37′ comprises a remotely-located liquid crystal display 36 aa′,a remotely-located high-level audio speaker 36 bb′, a remotely-locatedlow level audio speaker 36 cc′, a remotely-located high-intensity strobelight 36 dd′, a remotely-located low-intensity light-emitting diode 36ee′, and a remotely-located reset pushbutton 36 ff which connect to theexternal peripheral interface 75′ via respective signal lines 99′, 101′,103′, 105′, 107′, 111′.

According to the first alternate embodiment of the present invention,the apparatus of the first alternate embodiment, displayed in FIGS. 14and 15, operates in accordance with a method of the first alternateembodiment which is substantially similar to the method of anembodiment, except that when tones, flashing light and textual displaysare produced by the plurality of peripheral devices 36′ located withinor protruding from the enclosure 22′ of the alert device 20′, tones,flashing light and textual displays are also simultaneously producedfrom all of the peripheral devices of the pluralities of remoteperipheral devices 37 a′, 37 b′, 37 c′ in response to signals producedon signal lines 109′ by the peripheral device controller 70′ andcommunicated by the external peripheral interface 75′ to the pluralitiesof remote peripheral devices 37 a′, 37 b′, 37 c′. Similarly, whentermination of the tones, flashing light and display of textualinformation produced by the plurality of peripheral devices 36′ locatedwithin or protruding from the enclosure 22′ of the alert device 20′occurs, termination of the tones, flashing light and display of textualinformation simultaneously occurs with respect to the pluralities ofremote peripheral devices 37 a′, 37 b′, 37 c′ in response to signalsproduced on signal lines 109′ by the peripheral device controller 70′and communicated by the external peripheral interface 75 to thepluralities of remote peripheral devices 37 a′, 37 b′, 37 c′.

According to a second alternate embodiment of the present invention, thealert device 20″ may be adapted for use in a system wherein a serviceprovider provides alert messages to subscribers (i.e., users) havingalert devices and charges the users a periodic subscription fee.Specifically, alert device 20″ supports operation at two or more servicelevels or modes that reflect and correspond to the subscription statusof the user. The alert device 20″, preferably, includes a defaultservice level that is preprogrammed at the factory and which is latersubject to modification in response to control signals received from analert messaging system. This allows the service provider to remotelycontrol and/or set the service level of a user's alert device 20″ tocoincide with the service level paid for by the user.

For example and not limitation, a service provider's alert messagingsystem may send an alert message, including a service level data field,which is received and interpreted by an alert device 20″. The servicelevel data field may be set to any of the following levels: (1) fullyenabled; (2) partially enabled; or, (3) fully disabled. In the fullyenabled mode, alert device 20″ reacts to all alert messages and providesthe user with any received information. In the partially enabled mode,alert device 20″ only reacts to the most severe alerts (i.e., “LevelOne” alerts) to provide the user with a minimal level of service,warnings, and protection. In the fully disabled mode, alert device 20″will not react to any alert messages.

Preferably, a default service level is stored in a memory of each alertdevice 20″ during manufacture of the alert device 20″. For purposes ofrequiring subscription, the default service level is ideally set to thefully disabled level. As a consequence, a user must contact a serviceprovider and establish a subscription to the service provider'snotification or alert messaging service in order for the user's alertdevice 20″ to react to alert messages as desired by the user. However,it may be desirable to set the default service level to a differentservice level for reasons of liability or to improve customer relations.For example, the default level might be set to the partially enabledlevel to ensure that even non-subscriber users are provided withcritical information relating to high level emergencies (i.e., “LevelOnce” alerts), thereby reducing the manufacturer's liability.Alternatively, the default level might be set to the fully enabled levelfor a set period of time after initial activation, during which time theuser's alert device 20″ would operate at the full service level as aninducement to encourage the user to subscribe at the full service level.

FIG. 16 displays a startup service level check routine 900, inaccordance with the method of the second alternate embodiment of thepresent invention. At step 902, CPU 60″ retrieves current service leveldata from non-volatile memory 66″, which has previously been set duringmanufacture or modified remotely by the receipt of an updated servicelevel from a service provider. After performing other startup tasksheretofore discussed, CPU 60″ communicates a command, at step 904 andvia bus 74″ to the peripheral device controller 70″, instructing theperipheral device controller 70″ to clear the liquid crystal display 36a″ and then display an appropriate message. For example, if the servicelevel is currently set to fully enabled, the displayed message may be“UNIT FULLY FUNCTIONAL”; if the service level is set to partiallydisabled, the displayed message is “PLEASE CONTACT SERVICEPROVIDER—MESSAGE 1”, the low-intensity light-emitting diode 36 e is madeto flash, and the low-level audio speaker 36 c is made to produce a“chirping” low-decibel level tone; and if the service level is set toFully Disabled the displayed message is “PLEASE CONTACT SERVICEPROVIDER—MESSAGE 2”, the high-intensity strobe light 36 d is made toflash, and the high-level audio speaker 36 b is made to produce acontinuous high-decibel level tone. CPU 60″ then proceeds to step 906and monitors for incoming messages as previously discussed in relationto FIGS. 8-13.

In order to alter the service level of a particular alert device 20″, itis necessary to provide a mechanism wherein each individual alert device20″ maybe individually identified and or selected from all other alertdevices 20″. According to the second alternate embodiment, suchidentification or selection is accomplished by assigning each alertdevice 20″ a unique electronic serial number (ESN) that is stored innon-volatile memory 66″. The ESN is, preferably, either an 8 digithexadecimal number or an 11 digit decimal number. The leading digits ofthe number (i.e., the first two for hexadecimal and the first three fordecimal) indicate (i.e. uniquely identify) the manufacturer of the alertdevice 20″. The remaining digits are a unique sequence of digits foreach device, whereby each device of the manufacturer is uniquelyidentified.

In operation, the alert messaging system generates alert messages, asappropriate (i.e., when one or more subscribers change theirsubscription(s) to subscribe to a different service level than iscurrently in effect at their respective alert devices 20″), instructingeach appropriate alert device 20″ to alter its service level.Preferably, service level alteration messages are identified byassigning a separate set of alert levels in the message header thatcorrespond to the selected service level to which the identified devicesare to be set. In the standard short message format, each service levelalert message may include up to seventeen ESN's in the body of themessage, thus allowing up to seventeen units to have their servicelevels adjusted by a single broadcast of a short message. It isunderstood that the scope of the present invention comprises allapparatus and methods for communicating and setting the service level ofan alert device 20″.

A service level adjustment routine 1000 is illustrated in FIG. 17 inaccordance with the second alternate embodiment of the presentinvention. At step 1002, alert device 20″ monitors the selectedfrequency for a message generated by the alert messaging system. Uponreceipt of an alert message, CPU 60″ of alert device 20″ proceeds tostep 1004 and examines the message to determine whether the messageheader includes an alert level corresponding to (i.e., identifying themessage as) a service level adjustment message. If the message headerdoes not include an alert level corresponding to a service leveladjustment message, CPU 60″ then ignores the message and returns to step1002 to continue monitoring for alert messages.

If the message header includes an alert level corresponding to a servicelevel adjustment message, CPU 60″ then proceeds to scan the message bodyat step 1006 searching for an ESN that matches the ESN of the alertdevice 20″ as stored in the device's non-volatile memory 66″. If the ESNof the alert device 20″ is not found in the body of the message, CPU 60″then returns to step 1002 and continues to monitor for additionalmessages. If, alternatively, the ESN of the device is found in the bodyof the message, CPU 60″ proceeds to step 1008 and sets the value of theservice level data stored in non-volatile memory 66″ to match theservice level encoded in the message header. CPU 60″ then returns tostep 1002 and continues to monitor for additional messages.

FIG. 18 illustrates a service level authentication routine 1100 whereinCPU 60″ operates according to a received service level. At step 1102,CPU 60″ monitors for an alert message as previously described inrelation to FIGS. 8-13. Upon receipt of an alert message, CPU 60″proceeds to step 1104 and determines whether the alert message includesa header including alert level information. If no alert levelinformation is included in the message header, CPU 60″ returns to step1102 and resumes monitoring for broadcast alert messages. If alert levelinformation is included in the message header, CPU 60″ then proceeds tostep 1106 and compares the included alert level to the service levelstored in non-volatile memory 66″. If the included alert level isnumerically equal to or greater than the stored service level, CPU 60″then proceeds to step 1108 and initiates the appropriate alert routineas previously described in relation to FIG. 10 or FIG. 11. If theincluded alert level is numerically less than the stored service level,CPU 60″ ignores the alert message and returns to step 1102 to resumemonitoring for additional alert messages.

In a third alternate embodiment of the present invention, the alertdevice 20′″ may be configured to support an additional alert level to beutilized for the reception of advertising messages for display on liquidcrystal display 36 a′″. This allows a service provider to offer avariety of additional billing and service plan options. For example, theservice provider may allow full-rate subscriptions that do not provideadvertising, or alternatively may offer reduced rate subscriptions thatrequire that the alert device 20′″ occasionally display advertisingmessages. In the latter case, the advertising revenue may offset aportion of the reduction in subscription fees.

In a system supporting advertising, upon receipt of an alert message,CPU 60′″ also examines the message header as previously described inrelation to FIG. 18. If the message header includes an alert levelcorresponding to an advertising alert (i.e., indicating that the messageis an advertising alert message), CPU 60′″ then communicates a commandvia bus 74′″ to the peripheral device controller 70′″, instructing theperipheral device controller 70′″ to clear the liquid crystal display 36a′″ and then to display thereon advertising text included in themessage's body.

The present invention also operates to provide remote provisioning ofthe alert device 20 for preferred system providers. Each alert device 20may maintain a preferred provider list. A preferred provider list is alist of acceptable service providers with each provider being a PublicLand Mobile Network (PLMN) or other telecommunication provider. A systemprovider list can be set at time of manufacturer of the alert device 20.Subsequently, once the alert device 20 is deployed, the preferredprovider list can be updated by receiving messages sent to theindividual alert device 20 or through a broadcast message receivable bymultiple alert devices 20. In one embodiment, when the alert device 20detects a control channel, the PLMN value on this control channel iscompared to those in the preferred provider list. If there is a match,this control channel is suitable for this device. The opcodes listedbelow in Table 1 indicate another embodiment that can be used to deliverpreferred system provider updates, and other control measures to thealert device 20. Thus, if updates are received, they will be added tothe internal preferred system provider list, which can be stored innon-volatile memory. Alternatively, the new additions can be stored involatile memory and thus be cleared upon resetting or removing powerfrom the alert device 20. In either case, the revised preferred systemprovider list can be used in subsequent scans.

The present invention also operates to provide remote provisioning ofthe alert device 20 for Closed User Groups (CUG). Each alert device 20may maintain a CUG list. The CUG list can be set at time of manufacturerof the alert device 20. Subsequently, once the alert device 20 isdeployed, the CUG list can be updated by receiving messages sent to theindividual alert device 20 or through a broadcast message receivable bymultiple alert devices 20. Thus, the alert device 20 can receive overthe air updates to its CUG list. The opcodes listed below in Table 1indicate one embodiment that can be used to deliver CUG updates, andother control measures to the alert device 20. If updates are receivedthey will be added to its internal list and stored in non-volatilememory or volatile memory. The revised CUG list can be used whenchecking subsequent messages.

In one embodiment, the alert device 20 is a receive-only device thatmonitors the control channel of GSM cellular networks. The alert device20 will react to two types of cell broadcast messages; general alertsand CUG alerts. General alerts are for all reception by all alertdevices 20 that are within the range of the broadcast message. CUGalerts are only for those alert devices 20 that have a matching CUG IDin its internal list of CUGs.

The present invention also operates to provide the ability to displaycustom standby messages (such as DHS alert level) on the alert device20. Each broadcast message destined for an alert device 20 will includethe following fields in the header: alert level and message ID. In oneembodiment, the alert level is an eight-bit value and is sent in theSerial Number portion of the message. The eight-bit value willcorrespond to the message code. This is used to differentiate betweendifferent levels of alerts and therefore trigger different actions inthe alert device 20. This information can also be thought of as anopcode, such that based on the value of this opcode, the remainingcontents of the message will be interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the message ID is a four-bit value and is also sent in theSerial Number portion of the message. The message ID is used to identifythe message, such that if the message is received multiple times, thealert device 20 is able to determine that the message is a duplicate.

As an exemplary embodiment, Table 1 provides one typical assignment ofopcode values.

TABLE 1 Opcodes Alert Level Definition Of Alert Level 0x00 Level 0 AlertResets unit alerts. Displays text based upon provisioning indicator.0x01 Level 1 Alert Causes unit to illuminate strobe, and high decibelalarm. Display shows body text of message received. 0x02 Level 2 AlertCauses unit to flash LED, and low decibel alarm. Display shows body textof message received. 0x03 Level 3 Alert Display shows body text ofmessage received, no audio but alert LED illuminated. 0x81 Provisioning1 Fully Enabled - sets provisioning indicator to value of 1. Unit iscapable of receiving and reacting to all alert levels. 0x82 Provisioning2 Partially Disabled - sets provisioning indicator to value of 2. Unitis capable of receiving and reacting only to level 0 or level 1messages. 0x83 Provisioning 3 Fully Disabled - sets provisioningindicator to value of 3. Unit is capable of receiving and but notreacting to level 1, 2, or three alerts. The unit is capable ofreceiving and reacting to provisioning messages. 0xB0 Preferred Updatethe preferred system list with the following system IDs System ListUpdate 0xC0 CUG Message Cancels a previously sent CUG message Cancel0xC1 CUG Update If the alert device's serial number is contained in thefollowing list, update the CUG information to include the alert device'sreceiver in the specified CUG 0xC2 Remove CUG If the alert device'sserial number is contained in the following list of serial numbers, theCUG indicated in this message should be removed from the alert device'slist of CUGs 0xC8 CUG Message The message contained in this transmissionshould only be displayed on alert devices containing the CUG specifiedby the message. 0xCA Cancel Global If this message is received by anEARs device which contains CUG the CUG specified by the message, theEARS device should remove the CUG from its list. 0xF0 ESN Specific Onlythe alert device with the listed ESN should act upon this Messagemessage. 0xFA Additional This Alert Level is used to indicate that thefirst byte of the opcode message is actually an opcode that is to beused for further contained in message processing. This is being done asa mechanism to message fields include additional functionality that isnot being considered at this time. 0xFB Reserved These bits are reservedfor future use 0xFC Reserved These bits are reserved for future use 0xFDReserved These bits are reserved for future use 0xFE Reserved These bitsare reserved for future use 0xFF Reserved These bits are reserved forfuture use

The current level of provisioning is stored within the alert device 20.The alert device 20 will react to alert messages in a manner dependentupon the provisioning level. The provisioning level can be set at thetime of manufacturer and can be updated over the air during operation bya cell broadcast message. The opcodes in Table 1 provide one embodimentfor updating the provisioning level over the air.

The present invention also operates to provide remote provisioning ofcustom stand by messages. In one embodiment of this aspect of theinvention, a special opcode can be used to indicate that a certainnumber of subsequent messages will contain a custom message to be loadedinto the device and an alert level or event to which the device shouldbe associated with. Thus, the alert device 20 can receive custom standbymessages over the air. These standby messages can be stored in thememory of the alert device 20 for subsequent use. In another embodiment,the alert device can be programmed at the factory with a variety ofadditional messages, with only a subset of these messages being enabled.Subsequently, messages can be sent to the alert device 20 to enable anddisable certain messages. In another embodiment, the alert device 20 canbe programmed with a vocabulary. During operation, messages thatidentify certain words from the vocabulary can be sent to the alertdevice 20 to create custom standby messages.

The present invention also operates to provide the ability to signal anexternal device such as mattress shaker. In one embodiment of theinvention, this capability is provided by an output signal from thealert device 20 that can be used to control the operation of an externaldevice. The external device can include type of external alertingdevice, or some other external device that can be controlled to providealert signaling or perform other tasks. One such device can be avibrator that is either embedded within a mattress or place underneaththe mattress. When the appropriate level of alarm is received, theexternal device can be actuated. In this example, the mattress of a bedcan be caused to vibrate, thereby alerting a sleeping user.

The present invention also operates to provide ability to send messagesto a single device (for troubleshooting purposes). In one embodiment,this accomplished by sending a message that is intended only for aspecific alert device 20. Each alert device 20 has a unique serialnumber (i.e., an electronic serial number or ESN). Using the 0xF0 opcodelisted in Table 1, a message can be sent to a specific an alert device20 having a specific serial number. Thus, all alert devices 20 that donot have that serial number, which incidentally will be all of the restof the alert devices 20, will not react to the message. Using thistechnique, specific alert messages can be sent to an alert device 20 totest the operation of the alert device 20.

The present invention also operates to provide the ability to activate abacklight by pushing a standby button. Thus, if a user needs to viewwhat is presently being displayed on the alert device 20, the user cansimply actuate the standby button to turn on the backlighting.

The present invention also operates to provide a standby button to causea message to scroll back at top of list. Thus, if more text that whatcan be displayed on the alert device 20 is available, a user can actuatethe standby button to allow the message to be redisplayed and thus, theuser can view the available text.

The present invention also operates to provide the ability to displaymultiple messages, in order of priority and time received. If multiplemessages have been received by the alert device 20, in one embodiment,the alert device 20 can display the messages based on various factors,including but not limited to the priority of the message, the time themessage was received, the appropriateness of the message, etc.

In an exemplary embodiment, the receiver may be capable of receiving analert message containing formatting information to be applied to thetext of the message. For example, instead of containing unformattedASCII text, alert messages may contain code in an open standards formatlanguage, such as, for example, hypertext markup language (HTML).Messages containing open standards code may be prefaced with a typeindicator, to inform the receiver of what type of message is beingdelivered. In the case of an HTML message, for example, the text maythen be displayed with HTML formatting applied. For example, one or morewords of the message might be in bold face, or in different colors, orfont types or sizes. Additional formatting, such as lines, boxes, ortables may also be displayed. In the absence of a type indicator, thetext may be displayed as delivered, or as plain ASCII text. The abilityto format messages may improve utility for the user, especially if theuser may receive many different types of alerts. The display of thereceiver may be able to display the formatted text as formatted.

Whereas the invention has been described in detail with particularreference to its embodiments, it is understood that variations andmodifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of theinvention, as described herein before and as defined in the appendedclaims. The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalentsof all means or step plus function elements, if any, in the claims beloware intended to include any structure, material, or acts for performingthe functions in combination with other claim elements as specificallyclaimed.

1. An apparatus for providing location-specific alert informationassociated with an alert condition relevant to a geographical area, thelocation-specific alert information being broadcast within thegeographical area by at least one transmitter of a wirelessbi-directional communication network having a plurality of communicationchannels and a plurality of transmitters which are each positioned toprovide communication services to specific geographical areas servicedby the communication network, said apparatus comprising: a receiveradapted to receive transmissions on a communication channel of theplurality of communication channels of the wireless bi-directionalcommunication network, wherein said transmissions comprise formattedtext; a peripheral device operable to indicate an alert condition,wherein said indication comprises displaying said formatted text; and acontroller communicatively coupled to said receiver and said peripheraldevice, said controller being operable to monitor a communicationchannel of the wireless bi-directional communication network for thereceipt of a transmission of location-specific alert information from atransmitter servicing a geographical area and to operate said peripheraldevice in response to the reception of the transmission of saidlocation-specific alert information to display said formatted text.2-20. (canceled)